Chinese Herbal Medicines
Market economy brings unprecedented
opportunities and development to the industry of Chinese herbal medicines.
A system for the production and circulation of Chinese herbal medicines
has been preliminarily formed in China with the production
of Chinese medicinal materials as its base, Chinese herbal medicament
industry as its main body and Chinese herbal medicament commerce as its
link. China is rich in medicinal
resources with more than 5,000 medicinal herbs determined. There are over
600 bases in China for the production
of Chinese medicinal materials. About 5 million mu of land produce Chinese
medicinal materials every year (excluding the area under woody medicinal
materials) with an output at about 400,000 tons. 684 pharmaceutical factories
for herbal medicaments in China produce more
than 4,000 Chinese patent herbal medicines in over 40 drug forms. In addition,
over 1,500 plants produce processed Chinese herbal materials. The total
output value of Chinese herbal medicament industry in China was expected
to reach 27.9 billion yuan in 1997. There are more than 30,000 wholesale
and retail shops for herbal medicines in China with the total
sales value of 13.39 billion yuan at home in 1995. With their proved curative
effect and less side effect, Chinese herbal medicines are increasingly
popular among the Chinese people.
By reforming of its backward
mode of production, Chinese herbal medicament industry is marching rapidly
on the road of modernization. Many enterprises have passed GMP attestation,
and several scores of commercial enterprises have passed GMP check and
acceptance of their products. According to the principle of grasping large
enterprises, selecting good enterprises and supporting strong enterprises,
"An Action Plan for (Top 50) Key State-Owned Enterprises in the Chinese
Patent Herbal Medicament Industry" has been worked out. A number
of enterprises with good performance are operating in the commercial circle
and "reliable pharmacies" with quality service enjoy reputation
across China.
The Chinese herbal medicament
trade comprises the production of Chinese medicinal materials, Chinese
herbal medicament industry (including procession of Chinese herbal materials,
production of Chinese patent herbal medicines, and manufacture of machines
for making them) and Chinese herbal medicament commerce. It is a trade
combining agriculture, industry, commerce , production, supply and marketing
into one. A system for the production and circulation of Chinese herbal
medicaments has been almost formed with the production of Chinese medicinal
materials as its base, Chinese herbal medicament industry as its main
body and Chinese drug commerce as its link.
The development of Chinese
herbal medicament trade is based on the production of Chinese medicinal
materials. In the principle of a rational distribution and key construction,
a number of bases have been set up to produce quality and authentic Chinese
medicinal materials. There are more than 600 bases in China for the production of Chinese
medicinal materials. 5 million mu of land is cultivated for production
of Chinese medicinal materials with an output at 400,000 tons, hitting
a record high and basically keeping balance between supply and demand.
China used to spend
a large amount of foreign exchange in importing nearly 100 varieties of
medicinal materials every year. As some species of Chinese medicinal materials
have been successfully introduced, and wild resources of Chinese medicinal
materials and ecological environment have been protected, imported varieties
are gradually reduced. Pearl, cow-bezoare, lemongrass,
nutmeg and other varieties that used to mainly rely on import are self-sufficient
and the surplus can be exported.
The achievements made in
the Chinese herbal medicament industry are even more noticeable. At the
early stage after the founding of the People's Republic of China, professional factories
making Chinese patent herbal medicaments were situated in herbal pharmacies
with simple and crude equipment and backward technology. Energetically
supported by governments at various levels and relevant departments, a
number of Chinese patent herbal medicament factories have been set up
in succession. Through strengthening technical transformation, improving
productive condition, enhancing quality of enterprises and reinforcing
strict quality control, the productive level of them has reached a new
high. By the end of 1995, there were 1,020 Chinese herbal medicament industrial
enterprises in China (of which there were 158
large and medium-sized ones) with a total output value of 17.9 billion
yuan (of which the output value of the large and medium-sized enterprises
amounted to about 60%). In this industry, conventional mode of production
has been basically changed, administrative and technical standard greatly
enhanced, and the speed of modernization of enterprises accelerated. With
the readjustment of the structure of Chinese medicinal products , the
productive condition ,the level of technology and equipment and the total
quality of products have been greatly enhanced. A number of quality products,
famous trademarks and enterprises have come forth. A batch of factories
and workshops producing Chinese herbal medicaments are up to the GMP standard.
Advanced technologies have brought quality products. A large number of
Chinese patent herbal medicaments with good quality, high curative effect,
less side effect and easy administration have been produced in succession.
Systematically the marketing
channels have been formed in the Chinese herbal medicament commerce with
an important link connecting production to consumption. The condition
and facilities of the wholesale corporations and retails shops have been
greatly improved. A number of old famous herbal pharmacies have resumed
and developed their unique features. By the end of 1995, there were nearly
2,700 corporations and 20,000 retail shops at various levels in China . Their sales income reached
17 billion yuan, and profits and taxes in this industry and commerce stood
at 2.7 billion yuan.
-- source from State Administration of TCM, China
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